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Spring装配bean，依赖注入及注入参数

创建时间：2017-03-19 投稿人： 浏览次数：3361

1、【装配一个bean】

先导入Spring基本jar包

我们先装配一个车的类Car

package com.zhiqi.model;

public class Car {

	private int id;
	private String carName;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getCarName() {
		return carName;
	}
	public void setCarName(String carName) {
		this.carName = carName;
	}
}


配置xml文件

<bean id="book" class="com.zhiqi.model.Book"></bean>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>
	
</beans>


然后在主方法调用ApplicationContext

public class MyTest {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
		Car car=(Car)ac.getBean("car");
		car.setCarName("奥迪");
		System.out.println(car.getCarName());
	}
}

运行如图：


2、【属性注入】【构造方法注入】【工厂注入】

装配一个Employee类

package com.zhiqi.model;

public class Employee {

	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String sex;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
}

属性注入形式：

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="" value=""></property>
</bean>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>
	
	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<property name="id" value="10010"></property>
		<property name="name" value="王经理"></property>
		<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>


构造方法注入形式：

按照类型、按照索引、综合类型和索引

【类型】

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<constructor-arg type="" value=""></constructor-arg>
</bean>

【索引】

<bean id="" class="">
<constructor-arg index="" value=""></constructor-arg>
</bean>

【类型+索引】
<bean>
<constructor-arg type="" index="" value=""></constructor-arg>
</bean>


【类型示例】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>
	
	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<constructor-arg type="int" value="10010"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg type="String" value="王经理"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg type="String" value="男"></constructor-arg>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

【索引示例】索引从0开始

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>
	
	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<constructor-arg index="0" value="10020"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg index="1" value="刘经理"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg index="2" value="女"></constructor-arg>
	</bean>
	
</beans>


【类型+索引示例】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>
	
	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<constructor-arg type="int" index="0" value="10020"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg type="String" index="1" value="刘经理"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg type="String" index="2" value="女"></constructor-arg>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

工厂注入形式：

写一个EmployeeFactory来造Employee

public class EmployeeFactory {

	public Employee createEmployee(){
		Employee emp=new Employee();
		emp.setId(10050);
		emp.setName("孙经理");
		emp.setSex("女");
		return emp;
	}
}


xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>
	
	<bean id="employeeFactory" class="com.zhiqi.factory.EmployeeFactory">
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="employee" factory-bean="employeeFactory" factory-method="createEmployee">
	</bean>
	
</beans>

静态工厂：

public class EmployeeFactory {

	public static Employee createEmployee(){
		Employee emp=new Employee();
		emp.setId(10050);
		emp.setName("孙经理");
		emp.setSex("女");
		return emp;
	}
}


xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>

	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.factory.EmployeeFactory" factory-method="createEmployee">
	</bean>
	
</beans>

3、注入参数【基本类型】【注入bean】【内部bean】【null值】【级联属性】【集合List Set Map】

前面都是基本类型注入

现在注入一个bean

如：一个员工有一辆车

package com.zhiqi.model;

public class Employee {

	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String sex;
	private Car car;
	
	public Employee() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Employee(int id, String name, String sex) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public Car getCar() {
		return car;
	}
	public void setCar(Car car) {
		this.car = car;
	}
}

xml配置 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
		<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
		<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
		<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
		<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
		<property name="car" ref="car"></property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

运行：

内部bean，如：一辆车只属于某个员工

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
		<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
		<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
		<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
		<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
		<property name="car">
			<bean class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
				<property name="id" value="6008"></property>
				<property name="carName" value="奥拓"></property>
			</bean>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

null值，如：某个员工没有车 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
		<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
		<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
		<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
		<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
		<property name="car">
			<null></null>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>



级联，如：

<property name="car.name" value="XX车"></property>

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
		<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
		<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
		<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
		<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
		<property name="car.id" value="8008"></property>
		<property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>



集合List。如：一个员工有多个手机

private List<String> phoneList=new ArrayList<String>();

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
		<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
		<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
	</bean-->

	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
		<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
		<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
		<!-- 内部bean 需要new -->
		<!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property>
		<property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property-->
		<property name="phoneList">
			<list>
				<value>苹果IPhone6s</value>
				<value>小米5MX</value>
				<value>华为Meta</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

运行：


集合Set。如：一个员工有多套房子

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
		<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
		<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
	</bean-->

	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
		<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
		<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
		<!-- 内部bean 需要new -->
		<!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property>
		<property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property-->
		<property name="phoneList">
			<list>
				<value>苹果IPhone6s</value>
				<value>小米5MX</value>
				<value>华为Meta</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="houseSet">
			<set>
				<value>华侨城6区 C座</value>
				<value>齐悦花园3-104</value>
			</set>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

Set集合遍历


Map集合，如：一个员工有多个QQ

private Map<String,String> qqMap=new HashMap<String,String>();

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
		<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
		<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
	</bean-->

	<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
		<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
		<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
		<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
		<!-- 内部bean 需要new -->
		<!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property>
		<property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property-->
		<property name="phoneList">
			<list>
				<value>苹果IPhone6s</value>
				<value>小米5MX</value>
				<value>华为Meta</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="houseSet">
			<set>
				<value>华侨城6区 C座</value>
				<value>齐悦花园3-104</value>
			</set>
		</property>
		<property name="qqMap">
			<map>
				<entry>
					<key><value>工作QQ</value></key>
					<value>10078</value>
				</entry>
				<entry>
					<key><value>私密QQ</value></key>
					<value>10079</value>
				</entry>
			</map>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>
运行：




声明：该文观点仅代表作者本人，牛骨文系教育信息发布平台，牛骨文仅提供信息存储空间服务。
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