Swagger框架学习分享
转至元数据结尾 转至元数据起始
1.1.项目简介
Swagger项目是由Dilip Krishnan和Adrian Kelly等人维护开发的一个为Spring Web MVC 项目提供方法文档的一个框架。该框架最主要的功能是将Controller的方法进行可视化的展现,像方法注释,方法参数,方法返回值等都提供了相应的用户界面,尤其是对JSON参数的支持。同时可以结合swagger-ui可以对用户界面进行不同程度的定制,也可以对方法进行一个简单的测试。
1.2.code repository
- github:https://github.com/springdox/springdox
- maven:http://www.mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mangofactory/swagger-springmvc
1.3.演示项目
- 官方:https://github.com/adrianbk/swagger-springmvc-demo
- 民间:https://github.com/qq291462491/bugkillers
2.1.环境准备
- idea intellij 13+
- Oracle java 1.6
- Gradle 2.0 +
2.2.项目搭建
2.2.1.jar仓库
Maven
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>jcenter-release</id>
<name>jcenter</name>
<url>http: //oss.jfrog.org/artifactory/oss-release-local/</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mangofactory</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-springmvc</artifactId>
<version> 1.0 . 0 </version>
</dependency>
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Gradle
repositories
{
jcenter()
}
compile "com.mangofactory:swagger-springmvc:1.0.0"
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2.2.2.相关依赖
- As of v0.9.5 all dependencies on scala have been removed.
- Spring 3.2.x or above
- jackson 2.4.4
- guava 15.0
2.2.3.编写配置文件
编写一个Java文件,并使用注解:
- @Configuration 配置注解,自动在本类上下文加载一些环境变量信息
- @EnableWebMvc
- @EnableSwagger 使swagger生效
- @ComponentScan("com.myapp.packages") 需要扫描的包路径
示例:
package org.bugkillers.back.swagger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter; import com.mangofactory.swagger.configuration.SpringSwaggerConfig; import com.mangofactory.swagger.models.dto.ApiInfo; import com.mangofactory.swagger.paths.SwaggerPathProvider; import com.mangofactory.swagger.plugin.EnableSwagger; import com.mangofactory.swagger.plugin.SwaggerSpringMvcPlugin; /** * 使用注解的方式来扫描API * 无需在Spring的xml配置文件来配置,由 @see @EnableWebMvc 代替 * <p/> * <p> @author 刘新宇 * * <p> @date 2015年1月30日 下午1:18:48 * <p> @version 0.0.1 */ @Configuration @EnableWebMvc @EnableSwagger @ComponentScan(basePackages ={"com.ak.swaggerspringmvc.shared.controller", "com.ak.spring3.music"}) public class CustomJavaPluginConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { private SpringSwaggerConfig springSwaggerConfig; @Autowired public void setSpringSwaggerConfig(SpringSwaggerConfig springSwaggerConfig) { this.springSwaggerConfig = springSwaggerConfig; } /** * 链式编程 来定制API样式 * 后续会加上分组信息 * @return */ @Bean public SwaggerSpringMvcPlugin customImplementation(){ return new SwaggerSpringMvcPlugin(this.springSwaggerConfig) .apiInfo(apiInfo()) .includePatterns(".*") // .pathProvider(new GtPaths()) .apiVersion("0.0.1") .swaggerGroup("user"); } private ApiInfo apiInfo() { ApiInfo apiInfo = new ApiInfo( "bugkillers-back API", "bugkillers 后台API文档", "<a href="http://127.0.0.1:9081/api" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: inherit !important; background: none !important;">http://127.0.0.1:9081/api", "bugkillers@163.com", "My License", "My Apps API License URL" ); return apiInfo; } @Override public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) { configurer.enable(); } class GtPaths extends SwaggerPathProvider{ @Override protected String applicationPath() { return "/restapi"; } @Override protected String getDocumentationPath() { return "/restapi"; } } }
也可以自己不写配置类,直接使用默认的实现类,在Spring的配置文件中共配置:(不推荐)
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<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- Required so swagger-springmvc can access spring"s RequestMappingHandlerMapping -->
<bean class = "com.mangofactory.swagger.configuration.SpringSwaggerConfig" />
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2.2.4.与swagger-ui集成
方式一:
- Note: Only use this option if you don"t need to customize any of the swagger-ui static content, otherwise use option 2.
- Use the web-jar which packages all of the swagger-ui static content.
- Requires that your app is using the servlet 3 specification.
- For non-spring boot applications some extra spring configuration (ResourceHandler"s) is required. See: https://github.com/adrianbk/swagger-springmvc-demo/tree/master/swagger-ui
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dependencies
{
...
compile "org.ajar:swagger-spring-mvc-ui:0.4"
}
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方式二:(推荐)
- Manually copy all of the static content swagger-ui"s dist directory (https://github.com/wordnik/swagger-ui/tree/master/dist)
- Provide the necessary view resolvers and resource handlers to serve the static content.
- Consult the spring documentation on serving static resources.
The following is one way to serve static content from /src/main/webapp
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<!--
Direct static mappings
-->
<mvc:resources
mapping= "*.html" location= "/" />
<!--
Serve static content-->
<mvc: default -servlet-handler/>
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2.6.5.Controller配置
使用注解对Controller进行配置:
- @Api 配置方法API
- @ApiOperation API的操作 GET PUT DELETE POST
- @ApiParam API的方法参数描述
示例Controller:
package org.bugkillers.back.user.controller; import java.util.List; import org.bugkillers.back.bean.User; import org.bugkillers.back.result.Result; import org.bugkillers.back.user.service.UserService; import org.bugkillers.back.util.ResultUtil; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.wordnik.swagger.annotations.Api; import com.wordnik.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import com.wordnik.swagger.annotations.ApiParam; /** * 用户操作Controller * <p/> * <p> * * @author 刘新宇 * * <p> * @date 2015年1月30日 上午10:50:34 * <p> * @version 0.0.1 */ @Api(value = "user-api", description = "有关于用户的CURD操作", position = 5) @Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService service; /** * 注册用户 * @param user */ @ApiOperation(value = "注册", notes = "注册用户", position = 3) @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = { "/regist" }, method = RequestMethod.POST) public ResponseEntity<?> regist(@RequestBody User user) { service.save(user); Result<String> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult("注册成功"); return new ResponseEntity<Result<String>>(result, HttpStatus.OK); } /** * 根据pk查找用户 * @param userPk * @return */ @ApiOperation(value = "根据pk查找用户", notes = "返回用户实体对象", response = User.class, position = 2) @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = { "/{userPk}" }, method = RequestMethod.GET) public ResponseEntity<?> findByPk( @ApiParam(value = "填写Pk", allowableValues = "range[1,5]", required = true, defaultValue = "userPk", allowMultiple = true) @PathVariable("userPk") Integer userPk) { Result<User> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult(service.findByPk(userPk)); return new ResponseEntity<Result<User>>(result, HttpStatus.OK); } /** * 测试 * @param who * @return */ @ApiOperation(value = "Hellow World", notes = "测试功能", position = 1) @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = { "/hello/{who}" }, method = RequestMethod.GET) public ResponseEntity<?> hello( @ApiParam(value = "填写名称") @PathVariable("who") String who) { Result<String> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult( "Hello guys" + " " + who + "!"); return new ResponseEntity<Result<String>>(result, HttpStatus.OK); } /** * 查询所有 * @return */ @ApiOperation(value = "获取所有用户", notes = "返回用户实体对象集合", position = 5) @RequestMapping(value = "/findAll", method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody ResponseEntity<?> findAll() { Result<List<User>> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult( service.findAll()); return new ResponseEntity<Result<List<User>>>(result, HttpStatus.OK); } /** * 根据用户pk更新实体 * @param userPk 用户pk * @param user 返回更新后的实体 * @return */ @ApiOperation(value = "更新用户", notes = "返回更新的用户实体对象",position = 5) @RequestMapping(value = "/update/{userPk}", method = RequestMethod.PUT) public ResponseEntity<?> updateByPk( @PathVariable("userPk") Integer userPk, @RequestBody User user) { user.setPk_user(userPk); service.update(user); Result<User> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult(user); return new ResponseEntity<Result<User>>(result, HttpStatus.OK); } /** * 根据用户pk删除实体 * @param userPk 用户pk * @return */ @ApiOperation(value = "删除用户", notes = "根据pk删除用户",position = 5) @RequestMapping(value = "/delete/{userPk}", method = RequestMethod.GET) public ResponseEntity<?> deleteByPk( @PathVariable("userPk") Integer userPk) { service.delete(userPk); Result<String> result = ResultUtil.buildSuccessResult("删除成功"); return new ResponseEntity<Result<String>>(result, HttpStatus.OK); } }
2.2.6.启动中间件
项目配置了Jetty或者Tomcat等Web容器的话,在对应的Controller配置好的话就可以启动看效果了。
- 访问本机:http://127.0.0.1:9081/api
- 远程示例:http://115.29.170.213/api
2.2.7.需求定制
- 分组信息定制
- Url定制
- Http相应定制
Swagger很好的为我们在开发RESTful框架应用时,前后台分离的情况下提供了很有效的解决方案,上手迅速,操作简单,界面精简,功能完善,满足各种定制化的需求,是在使用Spring MVC做Web开发时的不二选择。通过对swagger的学习,增强了英语交流的能力,改变了以前的学习方法,收获了很多,同时也也得感谢国外友人的悉心帮助~技术无国界~
3.1 Guava工具类的使用 http://ifeve.com/google-guava/
Guava工程包含了若干被Google的 Java项目广泛依赖 的核心库,例如:集合 [collections] 、缓存 [caching] 、原生类型支持 [primitives support] 、并发库 [concurrency libraries] 、通用注解 [common annotations] 、字符串处理 [string processing] 、I/O 等等
3.2 Gradle构建工具的使用 http://ifeve.com/google-guava/
配置更加简洁,支持Maven,好多开源项目已经从Maven转到Gradle。
3.3 Groovy语言 http://groovy.codehaus.org/User+Guide
和scala、clojure等同是在JVM上运行的脚本语言,丰富的类库,和Java互通,可以作为Java程序员的第二语言。
3.4 链式编程 (return this)
Java中类似Swagger配置文件SwaggerSpringMvcPlugin
JQuery中类似 $("#p1").css("color","red").slideUp(2000).slideDown(2000);