RestFul WebService的创建和使用实例

一. RestFul WebService的创建：

本例使用SpringMVC来写RestFul Web Service。

1.创建【Dynamic Web Prject】

2.添加代码：
RestFul.Java：

[java] view plain copy

1. package com.webservice;  
2.   
3.   
4. import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;  
5. import java.io.PrintWriter;  
6. import java.util.ArrayList;  
7. import java.util.List;  
8.   
9.   
10. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
11. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  
12.   
13.   
14. import net.sf.json.JSONArray;  
15.   
16.   
17. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
18. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;  
19. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
20. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  
21. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;  
22.   
23.   
24. @Controller  
25. @RequestMapping(value = "/getData")  
26. public class RestFul {  
27.       
28.     // http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData?userName=sun 方式的调用  
29.     @RequestMapping  
30.     public void printData1(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,   
31.     @RequestParam(value="userName", defaultValue="User") String name) {  
32.         String msg = "Welcome "+ name;  
33.         printData(response, msg);  
34.     }  
35.   
36.   
37.     // http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData/Sun/Royi 方式的调用  
38.     @RequestMapping(value = "/{firstName}/{lastName}")  
39.     public void printData2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,   
40.         @PathVariable String firstName, @PathVariable String lastName) {  
41.         String msg = "Welcome "+ firstName + " " + lastName;  
42.         printData(response, msg);  
43.     }  
44.       
45.     // 转换成HTML形式返回  
46.     private void printData(HttpServletResponse response, String msg) {  
47.         try {  
48.             response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");  
49.             response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");  
50.             PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(response.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"));  
51.             out.println(msg);  
52.             out.close();  
53.         } catch (Exception e) {    
54.             e.printStackTrace();  
55.         }  
56.    }  
57.   
58.     // http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData/json?item=0 方式的调用  
59.     @RequestMapping(value = "/json")  
60.     public void printData3(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,   
61.         @RequestParam(value="item", defaultValue="0") String item) {  
62.         printDataJason(response, item);  
63.     }  
64.   
65.   
66.     // http://localhost:8080/RestWebService/getData/json/1 方式的调用  
67.     @RequestMapping(value = "/json/{item}")  
68.     public void printData4(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,   
69.         @PathVariable String item) {  
70.         printDataJason(response, item);  
71.     }  
72.       
73.     // JSON格式化  
74.     private void printDataJason(HttpServletResponse response, String item) {  
75.         try {  
76.            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");  
77.            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");  
78.            PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(response.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"));  
79.              
80.            List<UserInfo> uiList = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();  
81.            for (int i=0; i<3; i++)  
82.            {  
83.                UserInfo ui = new UserInfo();  
84.                ui.ID = i;  
85.                ui.Name = "SUN" + i;  
86.                ui.Position = "Position" + i;  
87.                uiList.add(ui);  
88.   
89.                if (!item.equals("0")){  
90.                    JSONArray jsonArr = JSONArray.fromObject(uiList.get(0));  
91.                    out.println(jsonArr);  
92.                }  
93.                else{  
94.                    JSONArray jsonArr = JSONArray.fromObject(uiList);  
95.                    out.println(jsonArr);  
96.                    //out.println(uiList);  
97.                }  
98.   
99.                out.close();  
100.            } catch (Exception e) {    
101.                e.printStackTrace();    
102.            }  
103.         }  
104. }  

UserInfo.java
[java] view plain copy

1. package com.webservice;  
2.   
3. public class UserInfo{  
4.       
5.     Integer ID;  
6.       
7.     String Name;  
8.       
9.     String Position;  
10.   
11.     public Integer getID() {  
12.         return ID;  
13.     }  
14.   
15.     public void setID(Integer iD) {  
16.         ID = iD;  
17.     }  
18.   
19.     public String getName() {  
20.         return Name;  
21.     }  
22.   
23.     public void setName(String name) {  
24.         Name = name;  
25.     }  
26.   
27.     public String getPosition() {  
28.         return Position;  
29.     }  
30.   
31.     public void setPosition(String position) {  
32.         Position = position;  
33.     }  
34.       
35. }  

3.SpringMVC框架需要修改一些配置：
web.xml
[html] view plain copy

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">  
3.   <display-name>RestWebService</display-name>  
4.   
5.     <!-- spring -->  
6.     <servlet>  
7.         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
8.         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
9.         <init-param>  
10.             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
11.             <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>  
12.         </init-param>  
13.         <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>  
14.     </servlet>  
15.   
16.     <servlet-mapping>  
17.         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
18.         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
19.     </servlet-mapping>  
20. </web-app>  

[html] view plain copy

1. springmvc-servlet.xml：  
2. <pre name="code" class="html"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
3. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
4.        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
5.        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
6.        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
7.        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
8.        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
9.        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">  
10.   
11.     <context:annotation-config/>  
12.       
13.     <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>  
14.   
15.     <!-- 默认访问跳转到登录页面 -->  
16.     <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="redirect:/getData" />  
17.   
18.     <!-- Scans the classpath of this application for @Components to deploy as beans -->  
19.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.webservice">  
20.         <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>  
21.     </context:component-scan>  
22.   
23.     <!-- 采用SpringMVC自带的JSON转换工具，支持@ResponseBody注解 -->  
24.     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">  
25.         <property name="messageConverters">  
26.             <list>  
27.                 <ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter" />  
28.            &n